© M.L. SmithOverview
Scientist and engineer with expertise in mathematical modeling, Bayesian inference, machine learning, and computer vision. I develop theory, methods, and software to understand complex systems, working with interdisciplinary teams to connect models with data. My research focuses on animal behavior, with broader applications in data science and AI. Across this work, I aim to turn computational insights into scientific discoveries.
Experience
Research Scientist
Advanced Research Technology Unit, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior
Responsibilities
- Lead independent research at the interface of machine learning and behavioral science, developing general-purpose tools to measure and model animal behavior in both lab and field environments.
- Design and maintain scalable ETL pipelines for multimodal behavioral datasets, ensuring data integrity and reproducibility across experimental systems.
- Collaborate with interdisciplinary teams - including software engineers, neuroscientists, and field biologists - to build AI-driven tools for behavior analysis and experimental optimization.
- Apply Bayesian inference, causal modeling, and uncertainty quantification to large-scale time series and experimental data to generate interpretable, data-driven insights.
- Provide technical guidance and mentorship across collaborative projects, promoting reproducible science and statistical rigor.
Doctoral Researcher
Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior & University of Konstanz
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- Developed computer vision and deep learning methods for measuring and modeling animal behavior, including DeepPoseKit for animal pose estimation.
- Studied how sensory information and internal state shape the collective behavior of animal groups.
Graduate Research Assistant
Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University
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- Conducted research on homing and sensory navigation in nocturnal whip spiders.
Undergraduate Research Assistant
Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University
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- Studied navigation and spatial learning in whip spiders with Daniel Wiegmann, and the sensory basis of rheotaxis in fish with Sheryl Coombs (2013).
Education
Dr.rer.nat., Biology
Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior & University of Konstanz - Germany
Summa cum laude · 0.0 — highest possible grade
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International Max Planck Research School (IMPRS) · Supervisor: Iain Couzin
Thesis: Computer Vision and Deep Learning Methods for Measuring and Modeling Animal Behavior
M.Sc., Biology
Bowling Green State University - USA
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Supervisor: Daniel Wiegmann; co-supervisor: Verner Bingman
Focus: Animal Behavior, Neuroscience
B.Sc., Biology
Bowling Green State University - USA
Publications
12 selected works
High intensity alters spectral orientation in dancing honeybees
Authors, contributions & citation
Unwrapping circular statistics with Bayesian multilevel models
Authors, contributions & citation
- Introduces a novel Bayesian generalized linear model framework for circular data by incorporating the von Mises distribution.
- Jointly models mean direction and variance to improve interpretability of circular outcomes.
- Provides practical guidelines and implementations using Bayesian toolkits such as PyMC and Stan.
Morphogenesis, differentiation, and robust multi-scale organization of the honeybee nest revealed by a novel 4D atlas
Authors, contributions & citation
- Developed autoregressive modeling methodology, software, statistical analysis, and visualizations of honeybee nest organization.
Collective detection and processing of distributed information by fish schools
Authors, contributions & citation
Code: github.com/jgraving/bayesian_beta_regression
- Led development of a Bayesian model to analyze collective information processing in fish schools.
- Modeled 3 billion behavioral observations across 400+ conditions using JAX and NumPyro.
- Revealed how distributed sensing shapes group-level responses to environmental signals.
The behavioral mechanisms governing collective motion in swarming locusts
Authors, contributions & citation
Press: Science Perspective
- Led Bayesian modeling and statistical analysis of VR behavioral data from locusts.
- Identified and solved a key methodological flaw in prior work - confounding of group coordination with group size.
- Helped validate the core findings and strengthen the paper’s quantitative rigor.
Quantifying the movement, behaviour and environmental context of group-living animals using drones and computer vision
Authors, contributions & citation
Press: Orange Hello Future
Code: github.com/benkoger/overhead-video-worked-examples
- Co-developed a computer vision pipeline combining drone footage and deep learning to extract 3D behavioral and environmental data from animal groups in natural settings.
- Integrated spatial context reconstruction with fine-scale movement tracking to support large-scale behavioral ecology studies.
Vortex phase matching as a strategy for schooling in robots and in fish
Authors, contributions & citation
Press: Physics World, SciShow (Hank Green)
- Analyzed high-resolution posture data of schooling fish to test energy-optimization strategies predicted by robotic models.
- Applied deep learning-based pose estimation and mechanistic modeling to quantify fluid-mediated interactions and coordinated motion patterns.
DeepPoseKit, a software toolkit for fast and robust animal pose estimation using deep learning
Authors, contributions & citation
Press: Quanta Magazine, Nature Methods, Nature
Code: github.com/jgraving/deepposekit
- Created a general-purpose, few-shot deep learning framework for high-speed, high-accuracy animal pose tracking in Python/TensorFlow.
- Supervised development of key components including a custom annotation GUI and augmentation tools for low-data regimes.
An automated barcode tracking system for behavioural studies in birds
Authors, contributions & citation
Development of site fidelity in the nocturnal amblypygid, Phrynus marginemaculatus
Authors, contributions & citation
Importance of the antenniform legs, but not vision, for homing by the neotropical whip spider Paraphrynus laevifrons
Authors, contributions & citation
Press: Discover
Amblypygids: model organisms for the study of arthropod navigation mechanisms in complex environments
Authors, contributions & citation
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Selected talks
Adaptive Behavior as Probabilistic Inference
Invited ScyPhy Seminar, University of Konstanz
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Adaptive Behavior as Probabilistic Inference
Invited Institute Seminar, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior
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Revealing the Behavioral Algorithms of Social Animals
Invited talk, Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University
Perception and Motion in Locust Swarms
Invited talk, Integrated Behavioral Research Group (IBRG), Princeton University
Teaching
Konstanz School of Collective Behavior
University of Konstanz
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- Designed and led a workshop on “Probabilistic Machine Learning” for 30+ international PhD students, covering Bayesian inference, causal inference, and information theory in practice. https://www.exc.uni-konstanz.de/kscb/schedule-2023/
Deep Learning Workshop
Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior
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- Led an applied workshop introducing PyTorch and deep learning fundamentals to 15 researchers.
ASAB 2019 Summer Conference
University of Konstanz
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- Gave an invited seminar on “Machine Learning in the Behavioral Sciences” to an audience of 400+.
- Co-organized a workshop on behavioral quantification and modeling using ML methods (27 participants).
University of Konstanz, Department of Biology
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- Co-developed and taught an intensive research course on collective behavior for Master’s students.
- Supervised five Master’s thesis projects across behavior, computation, and data science.
- Delivered lectures and practicals on computer vision for behavior analysis, data processing, and Python programming.
Graduate teaching
Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University
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- Supported teaching in biostatistics, population and community ecology, and introductory biology; gave a guest lecture on arthropod navigation.